by BPM Webmaster | Jan 23, 2023 | Events, Video
In just a few hours, things emerge from crates, machines are powered up, and APEX 2023 is prepped and ready! The team is excited… lots of demos are scheduled, and almost everything has arrived (just missing some prizes). Come by and see Colin, Penny, Romo, Pierce, Robert, and possibly a surprise or two.
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by BPM Webmaster | Jan 13, 2023 | How To
Semiconductor devices are an integral part of modern electronics, powering everything from smartphones to computers to automobiles. These tiny devices are at the heart of all electronic circuits, providing the necessary computing power to perform a wide range of tasks.
However, in order for these devices to function properly, they must be properly programmed. This process can seem daunting for those new to the field, but with the right knowledge and tools, anyone can learn to program semiconductor devices.
Start with the End
Choosing the right chip for a project can be challenging, especially when supply chain constraints are taken into consideration. Here are a few things to consider when making this decision:
- Availability: It is important to consider the availability of the chip in the market. If a chip is in high demand and has a limited supply, it may be difficult to obtain and may have longer lead times. This can be a major constraint in the design process, as it can delay the development of the product or raise the cost.
- Cost: The cost of the chip is also an important factor to consider, especially when working within a budget. Some chips may be more expensive than others, which can affect the overall cost of the product.
- Technical specifications: The technical specifications of the chip, such as its processing power, memory capacity, and communication interfaces, must be taken into account to ensure that it meets the requirements of the project.
- Manufacturers: It is important to consider the reliability and reputation of the chip manufacturers. A reputable manufacturer is more likely to provide consistent quality and support for the chip.
- Second source: It is always good to have a second source for the chip. This will ensure that the project is not affected by the lack of availability of the chip from a single supplier.
- Alternatives: It is important to research and consider alternative chips that may be able to meet the requirements of the project. Sometimes a newer or less well-known chip may offer similar or better performance at a lower cost or with less lead time.
- Support: Is the device supported by the programmer you’ll be using? If the goal is scaling to production levels, don’t choose a development board, but something that can scale up to production levels.
- Obsolescence: It’s important to consider the obsolescence of the chip, i.e. the length of time that the chip will be manufactured and available in the market.
By considering these factors and researching different options, it is possible to choose a chip that meets the requirements of the project and is also available and affordable within the constraints of the supply chain.
First Steps
The first step in programming a semiconductor device is to determine the type of device you are working with. There are many different types of semiconductor devices, including microprocessors, microcontrollers, and memory chips. Each of these types of devices has its own unique set of programming requirements, so it is important to understand the differences between them.
Understanding the type of semiconductor device you are working with is crucial in order to properly program it. Different types of devices have different capabilities, resources, and programming requirements.
Microprocessors are devices that are capable of performing complex arithmetic and logic operations. They are the “brain” of a computer and are used in devices such as personal computers, laptops, and servers. They are typically programmed using high-level programming languages such as C or C++ and require specialized software development tools such as compilers, debuggers, and integrated development environments (IDEs).
Microcontrollers, on the other hand, are smaller, less powerful devices that are often used in embedded systems, such as appliances, automobiles, and industrial control systems. They are typically programmed using low-level languages such as assembly or C and require specialized development tools such as debuggers and in-circuit emulators (ICEs).
Memory chips, such as flash memory, are used for storing data in electronic devices. They are typically programmed using specialized software development tools such as flash programmers.
It is important to understand the differences between these types of devices, as the programming requirements and tools for each type of device may vary. For example, programming a microprocessor will be different than programming a microcontroller, and also programming a flash memory chip will be different than programming a microcontroller.
It is also important to consult the device’s documentation and consult the manufacturer’s website for specific programming requirements and guidelines. This will ensure that you have the correct tools and knowledge to program the device correctly and efficiently.
Programming Tools
Once you have determined the type of device you are working with, the next step is to gather the necessary tools. These may include a computer with the appropriate software and hardware, such as a programmer or debug board. You will also need a set of development tools, such as a compiler or debugger, to help you write and test your code.
The tool should be chosen with scalability in mind. If you’re programming chips for just a handful of installations, your options are plentiful. But if your plan requires thousands or millions of programmed parts, choose a device programmer that can scale to your needs. Often developers start with a manual programmer where the operator inserts the devices by hand. When quantities go above 50,000 per year, an automated programming system is a must. Automated systems also give you additional options, such as media transfer, marking, and inspection.
Programming Code Languages
Next, you will need to learn the programming language that is used to write code for the specific device you are working with. This may be a proprietary language specific to the device manufacturer, or it may be a more widely used language such as C or C++. It is important to become familiar with the syntax and structure of the language, as well as any libraries or functions specific to the device.
Once you have gathered the necessary tools and learning the programming language, the next step is to write and test your code. This process involves writing code that performs the desired functions, such as controlling a device or processing data. It is important to test your code thoroughly to ensure that it is functioning correctly and free of errors.
Finally, once you have written and tested your code, you can program the device by uploading it to the device using the appropriate programming tools. This process may involve connecting the device to a computer or using a specialized programming board.
Programming semiconductor devices can seem intimidating for those new to the field, but with the right knowledge and tools, anyone can learn to program these important devices. By following these steps and practicing regularly, you can quickly become proficient in semiconductor device programming and begin building your own electronic circuits and devices.
Learn More
There are many resources available for learning about programming semiconductor devices, including books, online tutorials, and educational courses. Some popular sources for learning about semiconductor device programming include:
Additionally, many universities and colleges offer courses on semiconductor device programming, which can be a great way to gain a deeper understanding of the subject.
Best Private Universities
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT): Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, MIT is consistently ranked as one of the top universities in the world for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields.
- Stanford University: Located in Stanford, California, Stanford is known for its strong programs in business, engineering, and computer science.
- Harvard University: Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in the country, and it offers a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs in a variety of fields.
- California Institute of Technology (Caltech): located in Pasadena, California, Caltech is a small, private research university known for its strong programs in science and engineering.
- Princeton University: located in Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton is one of the oldest universities in the country and is known for its undergraduate liberal arts program and graduate programs in a variety of fields, including engineering and the sciences.
- University of Chicago: located in Chicago, Illinois, UChicago is known for its strong programs in economics, business, law, and the sciences.
Best Public Universities
There are many excellent public universities in the United States that offer high-quality education at an affordable cost. Here are a few examples of highly-ranked public universities in the US:
by BPM Webmaster | Jan 4, 2023 | News
According to Global SMT, the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA) noted in a report that as of May 2020, more than 40 new semiconductor ecosystem projects have been announced in the United States, including new factories, expansion of existing locations, as well as factories that supply and produce materials and production facilities. Combined, these projects are worth nearly $200 billion in private investment, reported in 16 states. All told, these new projects will create around 40,000 new high-jobs in the semiconductor fabrication market, expanding the availability of critical parts that are currently hard to get.
These projects especially affect Arizona, Connecticut, Georgia, Michigan, New York, Oregon, and Texas.
Below is a chart of development by State:
State
|
Company Name
|
City/County
|
Investment
|
Type
|
Employment (Direct)
|
| Arizona |
Intel |
Chandler |
$20 billion |
New |
3000 (2 fabs) |
| TSMC |
Phoenix |
$40 billion |
New |
4500 (2 fabs) |
| California |
Western Digital |
Fremont/San Jose |
$350 million |
Expansion |
240 |
| Florida |
SkyWater |
Osceola County |
$36.5 million |
Expansion |
220 |
| Idaho |
Micron |
Boise |
$15 billion (through 2030) |
New |
2000 |
| Indiana |
SkyWater |
West Lafayette |
$1.8 billion |
New |
750 |
| NHanced |
Odon |
$236 million |
New |
413 |
| Everspin Technologies |
Odon |
Unknown |
New |
35 |
| Trusted Semiconductor Solutions |
Odon |
$34 million |
New |
40 |
| Kansas |
Radiation Detection Technologies |
Manhattan |
$4 million |
Expansion |
30 |
| New Mexico |
Intel |
Rio Rancho |
$3.5 billion |
Expansion |
700 |
| New York |
Micron |
Clay |
$20 billion ($100B over 20 years) |
New |
9000 (4 fabs) |
| Global Foundries |
Malta |
$1 billion |
Expansion |
1000 |
| North Carolina |
Wolfspeed |
Chatham County |
$5 billion (over 10 years) |
New |
1800 |
| Ohio |
Intel |
New Albany |
$20 billion ($100B over 10 years) |
New |
3000 (2 fabs) |
| Oregon |
Analog Devices |
Beaverton |
$1 billion |
Expansion |
280 |
| Rogue Valley Microdevices |
Medford |
$44 million |
New |
Unknown |
| Texas |
Samsung |
Taylor |
$17 billion |
New |
2000 |
| Texas Instruments |
Sherman |
$30 billion (through 2030) |
New |
3000 (4 fabs) |
| Texas Instruments |
Richardson |
$6 billion |
Expansion |
800 |
| NXP |
Austin/TBD |
$2.6 billion |
Expansion |
800 |
| Utah |
Texas Instruments |
Lehi |
$3 billion |
Expansion |
1100 |
| TOTAL |
|
|
$186.6 billion
(up to $346.6 billion) |
|
34,708 jobs |
Read more here.
by BPM Webmaster | Dec 28, 2022 | Case Study, How To
A programmable device is a piece of hardware that can be programmed to perform a specific set of tasks or functions. These tiny devices are often used in industrial and commercial settings, including manufacturing, healthcare, and automotive, to automate processes and improve efficiency.
There are many different types of programmable devices, including microcontrollers, Programmable logic devices (PLDs), and various Flash devices. Each of these devices has its own unique set of capabilities and is used for different applications.
NXP Kinetis® K02 MCU for Low Power Applications (MK02FN64VLH10)
Microcontrollers (MCU) are small, single-chip computers that are often used in embedded systems, such as sensors, appliances, and automotive systems. They are highly programmable and can be programmed to perform a wide range of tasks, from simple control functions to complex algorithms.
A programmable logic device (PLD) is an electronic component used to build reconfigurable digital circuits. Unlike digital logic constructed using discrete logic gates with fixed functions, a PLD has an undefined function at the time of manufacture. Before the PLD can be used in a circuit it must be programmed to implement the desired function.[1] Compared to fixed logic devices, programmable logic devices simplify the design of complex logic and may offer superior performance. Unlike microprocessors, programming a PLD changes the connections made between the gates in the device.
Another example of a programmable device is a single-board computer (SBC). SBCs are small, single-chip computers that can be programmed to perform a variety of tasks, such as running a web server, controlling a robot, or playing media. Some popular examples of SBCs include the Raspberry Pi and the Arduino.
Programmable devices are also used in the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT devices are connected to the internet and can be programmed to perform a variety of tasks, such as collecting and transmitting data, controlling other devices, and interacting with users. Some examples of IoT devices include smart thermostats, smart locks, and smart appliances.
In summary, programmable devices are used in a wide range of applications, including control systems, automation systems, data acquisition systems, and the Internet of Things. They can be programmed to perform a variety of tasks and are used in industries ranging from manufacturing to home automation.
Examples of Programmable Device Applications
An example of a programmable device is a smart thermostat. These devices can be programmed to automatically adjust the temperature in a home or office based on the preferences of the user. They can also be controlled remotely using a smartphone app, allowing users to adjust the temperature from anywhere.
Programmable Devices for Healthcare
In the healthcare industry, programmable devices include devices such as insulin pumps and pacemakers. Insulin pumps are small, portable devices that deliver a continuous supply of insulin to patients with diabetes. The pumps can be programmed to deliver insulin at specific intervals throughout the day and can be adjusted as needed based on the patient’s blood sugar levels.
Pacemakers are small devices that are implanted in the chest to help regulate a person’s heartbeat. They can be programmed to deliver electrical impulses to the heart when needed, helping to prevent arrhythmias and other heart rhythm disorders.
Robotic surgical systems are another example of programmable devices used in healthcare. These systems allow surgeons to perform complex surgeries using precise robotic instruments, which are controlled by a computer program. The use of robotics in surgery can help to reduce the risk of complications and improve patient outcomes.
Other examples of programmable devices used in healthcare include medical monitoring devices, such as heart rate monitors and blood pressure monitors, and devices that assist with rehabilitation, such as exoskeletons and robotic physical therapy devices. Overall, programmable devices play an important role in healthcare by providing patients with the care and treatment they need to improve their health and quality of life.
Programmable Devices for Automotive
Programmable devices are also used in the automotive industry, such as in self-driving cars. These cars are equipped with sensors and algorithms that allow them to navigate and make decisions on the road. Some examples of programmable devices used in automotive include:
- Engine control units (ECUs) – ECUs are microprocessors that control various aspects of an engine, including fuel injection, ignition timing, and engine temperature. ECUs are programmed to optimize engine performance and fuel efficiency.
- Automatic transmission controllers – Automatic transmission controllers are microprocessors that control the shifting of gears in an automatic transmission. These controllers are programmed to optimize shift points based on various factors such as engine speed and load.
- Electronic stability control (ESC) systems – ESC systems are microprocessors that control the braking and throttle of a vehicle to help maintain stability during sharp turns or sudden changes in direction. These systems are programmed to react to certain stimuli, such as steering angle or yaw rate, to help keep the vehicle on track.
- Adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems – ACC systems are microprocessors that control the speed of a vehicle based on the speed of other vehicles in front of it. These systems are programmed to maintain a safe following distance and adjust the speed of the vehicle accordingly.
- Telematics systems – Telematics systems are microprocessors that transmit and receive data wirelessly, allowing for remote monitoring and control of a vehicle. These systems are programmed to transmit data such as location, speed, and fuel level to a central server, which can then be accessed by the vehicle owner or a fleet manager.
Overall, programmable devices play a crucial role in the automotive industry, helping to improve vehicle performance and safety. These devices are constantly evolving, with new technologies and capabilities being developed all the time.
BPM Makes Programming Devices Easy
BPM has delivered more fine-pitch automated programming systems than all of our competitors combined. BPM programmers and software are the fastest universal programmers in the world, supporting MCUs, FPGA, eMMC, NAND, NOR, Serial Flash memory devices, and more. What really sets them apart is how easy BPM systems are to set up and run, without requiring a skilled operator. To request a demo, please click here.
Device Programmers from BPM | https://bpmmicro.com/how-to-program-in-house/ Video: Bring Programming In-House
by BPM Webmaster | Dec 21, 2022 | Announcements, News
According to Global SMT, Samsung announced the world’s first DDR5 DRAM chips manufactured using 12nm semiconductor manufacturing technology. The company unveiled its 16Gb DDR5 DRAM chips and said they have already been evaluated for compatibility with AMD’s Zen processors.
The new chips are more efficient and offer 23% better performance than previous-generation DRAM chips. The South Korean company said it made this technological leap possible by using high-κ material, which increases cell capacitance. Samsung also used its own technology to improve critical circuits.
The company’s new DDR5 DRAM chips use advanced multi-layer lithography to achieve the industry’s highest die density and offer 20% higher wafer productivity. These chips are capable of transfer rates of up to 7.2 Gbps, which is equivalent to processing two 30GB 4K movies in one second.
Samsung will begin mass production of its 12nm class DDR5 DRAM chips in early 2023. Products based on these DRAM chips can be expected sometime in the last quarter of 2023.
DDR5
DDR5 (Double Data Rate 5) is a type of computer memory that is used in computers, servers, and other devices that require high-speed data transfer. It is the successor to DDR4 and offers improved performance and higher density compared to its predecessor.
The size of the technology used to manufacture a memory chip, such as DDR5, is typically measured in nanometers (nm). A smaller technology size generally allows for higher density and better performance, as it allows more transistors to be packed into a smaller area.
As of 2021, DDR5 memory chips are generally manufactured using technology sizes of 10nm or 12nm. Using a 12nm technology size allows for a higher density of transistors on the chip, which can lead to improved performance and power efficiency.
It is worth noting that technology sizes are constantly improving, and memory manufacturers are continually working on new technologies and processes to further improve the performance and density of their products.
Read Global SMT Article
